What is considered cultural property in Mexico?
Archaeological heritage includes movable and immovable archaeological objects and remains of living beings and plants from pre-Hispanic cultures. Historical cultural properties are objects related to Mexican history, starting with the Spanish conquest in 1519–1521, until the 19th century. Examples of historical cultural property are religious buildings such as temples and church buildings, as well as furniture from such buildings from the 16th to 19th centuries; archival documents and other documents of state and church institutions; rare handwritten and printed documents from the 16th to 19th centuries that are important for Mexican history; some scientific and technical collections. Works by Mexican artists (regardless of the place of origin) are considered artistic cultural property; works by foreign artists created in Mexico.
What are the export regulations?
There is a general ban on exports of archaeological, artistic and historical monuments, as well as fossil remains. Exceptions must be approved by the President of Mexico.
What sanctions are there?
Violations of the law, such as unauthorized excavations, illegal trade, transportation and reproduction, unauthorized export of archaeological objects, appropriation of historical objects and destruction of monuments, are punishable by prison sentences of two to twelve years and fines ranging from two to five thousand Mexican pesos.
